Sodium Benzoate is a sodium salt of benzoic acid.  Benzoic acid is an antimicrobial compound occurring naturally in many plants and animals. Although it exists naturally, the benzoic acid most commonly used in food production is chemically derived.[1] Sodium Benzoate is highly effective at slowing the growth of many harmful illness-causing pathogens and is listed as GRAS (generally recognized as safe) by the FDA[2]. [1]Wibbertmann A, Kielhorn J, Koennecker G, Mangelsdorf I, Melber C. Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 26: Benzoic Acid and Sodium Benzoate. (2000) Stuttgart, Germany; Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft. [2]Alphabetical List of SCOG Substances. Food and Drug administration, June 21, 2013. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/SCOGS/ucm084104.htm.